Economic Consequences of Large Extraction Declines: Lessons for the Green Transition
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Summary:
Limiting climate change requires a 80 percent reduction in fossil fuel extraction until 2050. What are the macroeconomic consequences for fossil fuel producing countries? We identify 35 episodes of persistent, exogenous declines in extraction based on a new data-set for 13 minerals (oil, gas, coal, metals) and 122 countries since 1950. We use local projections to estimate effects on real output as well as the external and the domestic sectors. Declines in extractive activity lead to persistent negative effects on real GDP and the trade balance. The real exchange rate depreciates but not enough to offset the decline in net exports. Effects on low-income countries are significantly larger than on high-income countries. Results suggest that legacy effects of bad institutions could prevent countries from benefiting from lower resource extraction.
Series:
Working Paper No. 2023/097
Frequency:
regular
English
Publication Date:
May 8, 2023
ISBN/ISSN:
9798400241123/1018-5941
Stock No:
WPIEA2023097
Format:
Paper
Pages:
48
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