Islamic Republic of Afghanistan: Selected Issues

December 14, 2017

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Islamic Republic of Afghanistan: Selected Issues, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 2017) accessed March 13, 2025

Summary

This paper presents estimates of the fiscal revenue cost of conflict in Afghanistan, defined as the loss of government domestic revenue due to conflict. The loss of government revenue is an important component of the humanitarian costs of conflict. In Afghanistan, almost all security spending is funded by foreign grants, which will most likely be scaled back gradually in the event of peace. Hence, any fiscal peace dividend is likely to come principally from increased revenues, as reduced security spending will be mostly offset by reduced grants. Nevertheless, size and the statistical significance of the results suggest that the order of magnitude of the estimate, around $1 billion, is robust. By way of counterfactual, these results imply a sizeable potential fiscal dividend for Afghanistan should peace, or at least a significant reduction in violence, materialize. Several country-specific factors, including conflict and a landlocked geography, have held back an expansion in Afghanistan’s trade which could increase the country’s economic resilience. Improving its external connectivity is a key factor to unlocking its trade potential including leveraging its natural resources.

Subject: Economic sectors, Education, Financial inclusion, Financial markets, Financial sector, Financial services, Infrastructure, National accounts

Keywords: Afghanistan, Central Asia, Cost of conflict, CR, Financial inclusion, Financial sector, Global, Infrastructure, ISCR, Microfinance institution, Requiring firm, Revenue, Revenue loss, Revenues decline, Transit trade, World Bank enterprise

Publication Details

Pages:

29
Volume:

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DOI:

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Issue:

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Series:

Country Report No. 2017/378
Stock No:

1AFGEA2017003
ISBN:

9781484332917
ISSN:

1934-7685

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