Financing IMF Transactions for 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 IMF Finances How are Members Selected to Finance IMF Transactions? |
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IMF credit is extended to its members in both foreign exchange and SDRs. Credit extended in foreign exchange is financed from the quota resources made available to the IMF by members, and essentially involves a transfer of foreign exchange from creditor members to borrowing members. The participation of creditor members in these transfers therefore reduces the available quota resources from those members and increases their creditor positions with the IMF. Members receive a market-related return on their creditor positions with the IMF. When extending credit in SDRs, the IMF transfers reserve assets directly to borrowing members by drawing on the IMF's own holdings of SDRs in the General Resources Account. The SDRs are placed in the accounts of borrowing members with the IMF, where they are either maintained or converted into foreign exchange. The amount of SDRs available for these transactions is generally limited, because the IMF normally seeks to maintain part of its usable resources in the form of SDRs—its most liquid asset. |
By the same token,
the repayment and servicing
of IMF credit results
in the receipt of both
foreign exchange and SDRs
from borrowing members.
In this case, the SDRs
received by the IMF are
added to its holdings
in the General Resources
Account, while the foreign
exchange is passed on
to IMF creditor members,
reducing their creditor
positions with the IMF.
The members that participate in the financing of IMF transactions in foreign exchange are selected by the Executive Board. The selection is based on each member's financial capacity, and takes into account key macroeconomic and financial indicators (see box). The amounts transferred and received by these members are managed to ensure that their creditor positions in the IMF remain broadly even in relation to their quota, the key measure of each member's rights and obligations in the IMF. This is achieved in the framework of an indicative quarterly plan for financial transactions.1 The accompanying table presents the outcome of the financial transactions plan for the quarterly period completed three months prior to publication.
Column 1 indicates the members that participated in the financing of IMF transactions. Column 2 shows the IMF quota for each of these members, which is the absolute limit of each member's obligation to make resources available to the IMF for its financial transactions. Column 3 shows for each participating member the available quota resources at the beginning of the quarterly period. The difference between the amounts in columns 2 and 3 reflect the past net contributions of each member to the financing of IMF transactions. Column 4 indicates the amount of foreign exchange transferred by each member to finance the extension of IMF credit (purchases). Other transfers are included, such as interest on creditor positions and other payments to members, and administrative expenses incurred by the IMF at its headquarters and offices around the world. The bulk of administrative payments are made in U.S. dollars. Depending on the number and size of IMF transactions, not all creditor members may participate in transactions in any three-month period. Column 5 presents data on the amount of foreign exchange received by each member, primarily as a result of the repayment of IMF credits by borrowing members. Interest on credit extended by the IMF (charges) is paid in SDRs not currencies. Some foreign exchange is nevertheless typically received in the General Resources Account from members that acquire the necessary SDRs from the IMF with which to pay interest on their outstanding IMF credit. Not all members have receipts in every three-month period in order to help move toward balanced creditor positions relative to quota (column 7). Column 6 shows the available quota resources at the end of the period for each member participating in the financing of IMF transactions. When combined with the IMF's SDR holdings (shown in the penultimate row of the table), these resources comprise the IMF's usable resources, a key element in the assessment of the institution's liquidity position. Column 7 illustrates the guiding principle that members' cumulative contributions to the financing of IMF credit and other transfers should be broadly balanced in relation to quota. Members that are relative newcomers to the plan have not yet had substantial use of their currencies in financing IMF transactions, and thus tend to have creditor positions that are lower than average. The absolute amount of a member's creditor position can be derived by subtracting available quota resources (column 6) from quota (column 2).
|
Financing
of IMF Transactions in the General Resources
Account March 1–May 31, 2001 (In millions of SDRs) |
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Member (1) |
Quota (end-period) (2) |
Available Resources (beginning
period) (3) |
Extensions of Credit (purchases) and Other Transfers (4) |
Repayments of Credit (repurchases) and Other Receipts (5) |
Available Resources (end-period) (6) |
Creditor Positions in
percent of Quota (7) |
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Australia |
3,236.4 |
2,247.2 |
63.0 |
69.2 |
2,253.4 |
30.4 | ||||||
Austria |
1,872.3 |
1,339.7 |
36.8 |
14.8 |
1,317.7 |
29.6 | ||||||
Belgium |
4,605.2 |
3,223.2 |
88.6 |
82.3 |
3,216.8 |
30.1 | ||||||
Botswana |
63.0 |
44.2 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
44.2 |
29.9 | ||||||
Brunei Darussalam |
150.0 |
114.7 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
114.7 |
23.5 | ||||||
Canada |
6,369.2 |
4,461.8 |
123.1 |
109.8 |
4,448.5 |
30.2 | ||||||
Chile |
856.1 |
597.4 |
16.7 |
16.6 |
597.3 |
30.2 | ||||||
China |
6,369.2 |
4,502.4 |
0.0 |
85.8 |
4,588.2 |
28.0 | ||||||
Czech Republic |
819.3 |
786.7 |
15.7 |
0.0 |
771.0 |
5.9 | ||||||
Denmark |
1,642.8 |
1,180.0 |
31.5 |
10.2 |
1,158.6 |
29.5 | ||||||
Finland |
1,263.8 |
903.7 |
24.8 |
11.1 |
889.9 |
29.6 | ||||||
France |
10,738.5 |
7,350.9 |
207.6 |
294.9 |
7,438.2 |
30.7 | ||||||
Germany |
13,008.2 |
8,925.2 |
252.2 |
345.6 |
9,018.5 |
30.7 | ||||||
Greece |
823.0 |
577.0 |
15.7 |
13.8 |
575.1 |
30.1 | ||||||
Hungary |
1,038.4 |
827.6 |
19.6 |
0.0 |
808.0 |
22.2 | ||||||
Ireland |
838.4 |
583.2 |
15.7 |
16.6 |
584.1 |
30.3 | ||||||
Israel |
928.2 |
838.3 |
17.7 |
0.0 |
820.5 |
11.6 | ||||||
Italy |
7,055.5 |
4,868.7 |
135.9 |
168.0 |
4,900.8 |
30.5 | ||||||
Japan |
13,312.8 |
9,269.0 |
256.5 |
266.6 |
9,279.1 |
30.3 | ||||||
Kuwait |
1,381.1 |
974.3 |
26.6 |
19.5 |
967.2 |
30.0 | ||||||
Luxembourg |
279.1 |
213.0 |
4.9 |
0.0 |
208.1 |
25.4 | ||||||
Netherlands |
5,162.4 |
3,606.4 |
99.4 |
95.7 |
3,602.7 |
30.2 | ||||||
New Zealand |
894.6 |
628.4 |
17.7 |
14.8 |
625.5 |
30.1 | ||||||
Norway |
1,671.7 |
1,194.6 |
32.5 |
14.8 |
1,176.9 |
29.6 | ||||||
Oman |
194.0 |
138.3 |
3.9 |
1.8 |
136.2 |
29.8 | ||||||
Poland |
1,369.0 |
1,146.2 |
26.6 |
0.0 |
1,119.7 |
18.2 | ||||||
Portugal |
867.4 |
605.5 |
16.6 |
16.6 |
605.5 |
30.2 | ||||||
Qatar |
263.8 |
208.6 |
4.9 |
0.0 |
203.7 |
22.8 | ||||||
Saudi Arabia |
6,985.5 |
5,725.8 |
134.9 |
0.0 |
5,590.9 |
20.0 | ||||||
Singapore |
862.5 |
604.8 |
17.1 |
14.8 |
602.5 |
30.1 | ||||||
Slovenia |
231.7 |
171.5 |
4.9 |
0.0 |
166.6 |
28.1 | ||||||
Spain |
3,048.9 |
2,092.2 |
59.0 |
80.3 |
2,113.5 |
30.7 | ||||||
Sweden |
2,395.5 |
1,684.5 |
46.2 |
37.8 |
1,676.2 |
30.0 | ||||||
Switzerland |
3,458.5 |
2,479.4 |
67.0 |
24.9 |
2,437.3 |
29.5 | ||||||
Trinidad and Tobago |
335.6 |
322.1 |
6.8 |
0.0 |
315.2 |
6.1 | ||||||
United Arab Emirates |
611.7 |
421.0 |
13.5 |
13.4 |
420.8 |
31.2 | ||||||
United Kingdom |
10,738.5 |
7,433.8 |
206.6 |
237.7 |
7,465.0 |
30.5 | ||||||
United States |
37,149.3 |
26,233.1 |
959.7 |
485.7 |
25,759.1 |
30.7 | ||||||
Total |
152,891.1 |
108,524.7 |
3,071.1 |
2,563.8 |
108,017.3 |
29.4 | ||||||
SDR holdings |
2,171.5 |
2,168.2 |
1,285.0 |
1,288.3 |
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Available resources |
110,696.1 |
5,239.3 |
3,848.8 |
109,305.6 |
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