Directory of
Economic, Commodity and Development Organizations - table
of contents
ANDEAN COMMUNITY GENERAL SECRETARIAT
Secretaría General de la Communidad Andina
HEADQUARTERS
General Secretariat of Andean Communicty Telephone: [51](1)411-1400
Avenida Paseo de la República 3895 Facsimile: [51](1)221-3329
Lima 27 E-mail: contacto@comunidadandina.orgg
Perú Internet: www.comunidadandina.org
Secretary General: ... Guillermo FERNÁNDEZ DE SOTO
Directors: ... José Antonio GARCÍA
... Héctor MALDONADO LIRA
... Richard MOSS FERREIRA
General Manager for Operations
and Finance: ... Mónica NARANJO MESA
LANGUAGE: Spanish
ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONS
The Andean Community is an economic and social
integration organization with an international legal
status. It comprises the following countries: Bolivia,
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, and the bodies
and institutions of the Andean Integration System (SAI).
Its early beginnings date back to 1969, when a group of
South American countries signed the Cartagena Agreement,
also known as the Andean Pact. The purpose of the
Agreement is to promote the balanced and harmonious
development of the Member Countries; accelerate the
growth of the Andean countries and the creation of jobs;
facilitate participation in the regional integration
process with the aim of gradually creating a Latin
American common market; help reduce the external
vulnerability of the Member Countries and improve their
position in the international economic context;
strengthen subregional solidarity and reduce the
differences in development that exist among the Member
Countries; and define social policies oriented toward
improving the quality of life of different subregional
groups and improving their access to the benefits of
development.
Over the next three decades, Andean integration
passed through a series of different stages. A basically
closed conception of inward-looking integration based on
the import substitution model gradually gave way to a
scheme of open regionalism. The direct intervention of
the Presidents in the leadership of the process within
the new model spurred integration and made it possible to
attain the main objectives set by the Cartagena
Agreement, such as the liberalization of trade in goods
in the subregion, the adoption of a common external
tariff, and the harmonization of foreign trade
instruments and policies and economic policy, among
others. The progress of integration and the emergence of
new challenges stemming from global economic change
brought to the fore the need for both institutional and
policy reforms in the Cartagena Agreement. These were
accomplished through the Protocols of Trujillo and Sucre,
respectively. The institutional reforms gave the process
political direction and created the Andean Community and
the Andean Integration System. The policy reforms, for
their part, extended the scope of integration beyond the
purely trade and economic areas.
The Andean Community started operating on August 1,
1997 with a General Secretariat, with headquarters in
Lima, Peru, as its executive body. The Council of
Presidents and the Council of Foreign Ministers were
formally established as new policy-making and leadership
bodies. The legislative role of the Commission, comprised
of the Trade Ministers, was broadened by including
Ministers of other sectors. Today, the Andean Community
groups together five countries with a population of over
113 million people, an area of 4.7 million square
kilometers, and a gross domestic product of approximately
US$270 billion. The Community is a subregion within South
America with a unique profile and a common future.
COMPOSITION
5 member countries: Bolivia,
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
STRUCTURE
The Andean Integration System (SAI) is the
structure that links up and makes it possible to
coordinate the series of bodies, institutions, and
agreements that comprise the Andean Community.
- The Andean Presidential Council is the
highest-level body of the SAI.
- The Andean Council of Foreign Ministers and
the Commission of the Andean Community are the
policy-setting and decision-making bodies.
- The General Secretariat of the Andean
Community is the executive body of the Andean
Community which, starting on August 1, 1997, took
on, among other things, the functions of the
Board of the Cartagena Agreement.
- The Court of Justice of the Andean Community
is the judicial body of the Andean Community.
- The Andean Parliament is the deliverative body
of the SAI.
- Andean Development Coporation (CAF) and Latin
American Reserve Fund (FLAR) are financial
institutions.
- Hipolito Unanue Agreement and Simón
Rodríguez Agreement are social institutions.
- Simón Bolívar Andean University is the
educational institution of the Andean Community
- Andean Business Advisory Council and Andean
Labor Advisory Council are the two consultative
institutions.
GENERAL PUBLICATIONS
Gaceta Oficial del Acuerdo de Cartagena
(contains Decisions of the Andean Council of Foreign
Ministers and the Commission of the Andean Community;
Resolutions of the General Secretariat); How To
Do Business in Andean Community: Trade and Investment
Guide (English and Spanish versions);
Treinta Años de Integración Andina: Balance y
Perspectivas; Acuerdo de Cartagena; Catalogue
and CD-Rom: “Andean Fruits and Vegetables for the
World” (English and Spanish versions); CD-Rom:
“Comunidad Andina-Andean Community” 1999
(English and Spanish versions); Andrean Apparel
for the Third Millenium (English and Spanish
version); Las relaciones externas de la
Comunidad Andina: Entre la globalización y el
regionalismo abierto (Spanish version).
"Hacia una política exterior común de la Comunidad Andina" 1999 (Spanish version);
"Manuel de diseño para maderas del Grupo Andino" 2000 (Spanish version-reimpresión);
"La Dolarización en Ecuador" 2001 (Spanish version). For
more information, please see the website,
www.comunidadandina.org.
UPDATED: December 2003
Directory of
Economic, Commodity and Development Organizations - table
of contents
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