Global Debt Database

The Global Debt Database (GDD) is the result of a multiyear investigative process that started with the October 2016 Fiscal Monitor. The dataset comprises total gross debt of the (private and public) nonfinancial sector for an unbalanced panel of 190 advanced economies, emerging market economies and low-income countries, dating back to 1950. For more details on the methodology and definitions, please see the Mbaye, Moreno Badia and Chae (2018).

We rely on the feedback from users to address any problems they may encounter with the data. Notification of any omissions or supplementary sources is welcome and would be fully acknowledged. Suggestions can be sent to IMF-GDD@imf.org

Reference: Mbaye, S., Moreno-Badia, M., and K. Chae. 2018. "Global Debt Database: Methodology and Sources," IMF Working Paper, International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC

Private debt 6 , 1950 - 2023

Private debt, loans and debt securities Percent of GDP
Household debt, loans and debt securities Percent of GDP
Nonfinancial corporate debt, loans and debt securities Percent of GDP
Private debt, all instruments Percent of GDP
Household debt, all instruments Percent of GDP
Nonfinancial corporate debt, all instruments Percent of GDP

Public debt 4 , 1950 - 2023

Central Government Debt Percent of GDP
General Government Debt Percent of GDP
Nonfinancial Public Sector Debt Percent of GDP
Public Sector Debt Percent of GDP
©IMF, 2024
Global Debt Monitor
2024 Global Debt Monitor
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