IMF Working Papers

Intimate Partner Violence and Women’s Economic Empowerment: Evidence from Indian States

By Monique Newiak, Ratna Sahay, Navya Srivastava

November 22, 2024

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Format: Chicago

Monique Newiak, Ratna Sahay, and Navya Srivastava. "Intimate Partner Violence and Women’s Economic Empowerment: Evidence from Indian States", IMF Working Papers 2024, 239 (2024), accessed December 25, 2024, https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400294020.001

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Disclaimer: IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. The views expressed in IMF Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management.

Summary

Domestic violence is a global phenomenon. We study the interplay of determinants of a woman’s risk of facing intimate partner violence (IPV) for the case of India—using information from up to 235 thousand female survey respondents and exploiting state-level variation in institutions, law enforcement and attitudes. Unless in paid and formal employment, a woman’s economic activity is associated with a higher risk of IPV. However, household and other characteristics, such as higher agency within the household, higher education of the husband, lower social acceptance of IPV, and normalization of reporting incidences of violence counter this association. At the state level, the presence of more female leaders, better reporting infrastructure for victims of IPV, and higher charge-sheeting rates are associated with a lower risk of IPV.

Subject: Education, Employment, Gender, Gender diversity, Health, Labor, Women

Keywords: Annex II, Employment, Employment Mitigate IPV, Empowerment evidence, Female employment, Gender diversity, Global, Institutions, Intimate partner violence, IPV risk, Labor force participation, Legal rights, Respondent characteristic, Survey respondent, Women

Publication Details

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