Building Resilience to Natural Disasters: An Application to Small Developing States

By Ricardo Marto, Chris Papageorgiou, Vladimir Klyuev

October 30, 2017

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Ricardo Marto, Chris Papageorgiou, and Vladimir Klyuev. Building Resilience to Natural Disasters: An Application to Small Developing States, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 2017) accessed December 21, 2024

Disclaimer: IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. The views expressed in IMF Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management.

Summary

We present a dynamic small open economy model to explore the macroeconomic impact of natural disasters. In addition to permanent damages to public and private capital, the disaster causes temporary losses of productivity, inefficiencies during the reconstruction process, and damages to the sovereign's creditworthiness. We use the model to study the debt sustainability concerns that arise from the need to rebuild public infrastructure over the medium term and analyze the feasibility of ex ante policies, such as building adaptation infrastructure and fiscal buffers, and contrast these policies with the post-disaster support provided by donors. Investing in resilient infrastructure may prove useful, in particular if it is viewed as complementary to standard infrastructure, because it raises the marginal product of private capital, crowding in private investment, while helping withstand the impact of the natural disaster. In an application to Vanuatu, we find that donors should provide an additional 50% of pre-cyclone GDP in grants to be spent over the following 15 years to ensure public debt remains sustainable following Cyclone Pam. Helping the government build resilience on the other hand, reduces the risk of debt distress and at lower cost for donors.

Subject: Environment, Expenditure, Financial services, Infrastructure, National accounts, Natural disasters, Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP), Public investment spending, Real interest rates

Keywords: Adaptation, Adaptation capital, Adaptation investment, Capital share, Caribbean, Crowding in, Debt sustainability, Depreciation rate, Efficiency loss, Infrastructure, Infrastructure investment, Investment efficiency, Natural disasters, Natural Disastes, Open economy, Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP), Public investment spending, Real interest rate, Real interest rates, Resilience, Small States, Sub-Saharan Africa, WP

Publication Details

Pages:

28
Volume:

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DOI:

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Issue:

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Series:

Working Paper No. 2017/223
Stock No:

WPIEA2017223
ISBN:

9781484324745
ISSN:

1018-5941

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