Income Uncertainty and Household Savings in China

By Kai Liu, Marcos d Chamon, Eswar S Prasad

December 1, 2010

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Kai Liu, Marcos d Chamon, and Eswar S Prasad. Income Uncertainty and Household Savings in China, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 2010) accessed November 23, 2024

Disclaimer: This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF.The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate

Summary

China’s household saving rate has increased markedly since the mid-1990s and the age-savings profile has become U-shaped. We find that rising income uncertainty and pension reforms help explain both of these phenomena. Using a panel of Chinese households covering the period 1989-2006, we document that strong average income growth has been accompanied by a substantial increase in income uncertainty. Interestingly, the permanent variance of household income remains stable while it is the transitory variance that rises sharply. A calibration of a buffer-stock savings model indicates that rising savings rates among younger households are consistent with rising income uncertainty and higher saving rates among older households are consistent with a decline in the pension replacement ratio for those retiring after 1997. We conclude that rising income uncertainty and pension reforms can account for over half of the increase in the urban household savings rate in China since the mid-1990s as well as the U-shaped age-profile of savings.

Subject: Expenditure, Income, Income shocks, Labor, National accounts, Pension reform, Pensions, Wages

Keywords: Age-savings profile, Buffer-stock savings, China, Household income, Household savings, Income, Income shocks, Income uncertainty, Pension reform, Pension reforms, Pensions, Replacement ratio, Retirement saving, Saving behavior, Saving rate, Savings model, Wages, WP

Publication Details

Pages:

34
Volume:

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DOI:

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Issue:

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Series:

Working Paper No. 2010/289
Stock No:

WPIEA2010289
ISBN:

9781455211708
ISSN:

1018-5941

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