Tonga: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Change Policy Assessment

June 30, 2020

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Format: Chicago

Tonga: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Change Policy Assessment, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 2020) accessed December 21, 2024

Summary

Tonga is one of the world’s most exposed countries to climate change and natural disasters. It suffered the highest loss from natural disasters in the world (as a ratio to GDP) in 2018 and is among the top five over the last decade (Table 1). Climate change will make this worse. Cyclones will become more intense, with more damage from wind and sea surges. Rising sea levels will cause more flooding, coastal erosion and contaminate fresh water. Daily high temperatures will become more extreme, with more severe floods and drought.

Subject: Budget planning and preparation, Climate change, Environment, Expenditure, Natural disasters, Public financial management (PFM), Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP), Renewable energy

Keywords: Annual budget, Budget planning and preparation, Climate change, CR, Cross-government Emergency Management Committee, Emergency fund, Excise tax, Global, International community, Investment project, ISCR, Natural disasters, Private sector, Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP), Renewable energy, Short term

Publication Details

Pages:

70
Volume:

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DOI:

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Issue:

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Series:

Country Report No. 2020/212
Stock No:

1TONEA2020001
ISBN:

9781513548791
ISSN:

1934-7685

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