Andrew Hodge is an economist in the IMF’s Western Hemisphere Department. He previously served in the Asia Pacific and Fiscal Affairs Departments, working on advanced, emerging-market, and low-income economies. His main areas of research concern optimal fiscal and monetary policy, long-run economic growth, and the economic implications of population ageing. Prior to joining the IMF, he served as economist at the Reserve Bank of Australia. Andrew holds a PhD from the London School of Economics.